scroll down for english
Vasarely MĂșzeum, Budapest 2019. oktĂłber. 10. â 2020. mĂĄrcius 15.
A kiĂĄllĂtĂĄst a 95 Ă©ves Vera Molnarnak ajĂĄnljuk.
A meghĂvĂĄsos kiĂĄllĂtĂĄs nemzetközi kontextusban kĂvĂĄnja a korai generatĂv mƱveket Ă©s az Ășj ĂștkeresĂ©seket prezentĂĄlni az alĂĄbbi mƱvĂ©szek munkĂĄinak bemutatĂĄsĂĄval:
ALBERT ĂdĂĄm, BENEDEK Barna, Max BILL, BĂDI Marianna, BORTNYIKâTUBĂK, JosĂ© BRĂVAl, CSIKY Tibor, CSIZY LĂĄszlĂł, Maria CUEVAS, Aleksander DRAKULIC, FERNEZELYI MĂĄrton, GĂYOR Tibor, HARASZTĆž IstvĂĄn, HARMATI Kitti, HOĂZ Anna, Gerhard HOTTER, Viktor HULIK, Jean-François DUBREUIL, JENESES ĂdĂĄm, JOVĂNOVICS TamĂĄs, JULESZ BĂ©la, KAPPANYOS AndrĂĄs, Hiroshi KAWANO, KELLE Antal, KOVĂCS Attila, KOVĂCS Gyula, LANTOS Ferenc, LEPSĂNYI Imre, Josef LINSCHINGER, Richard Paul LOHSE, MARAFKĂ Bence, MĂTĂ DĂĄniel, MAURER DĂłra, MENGYĂN AndrĂĄs, Manfred MOHR, Vera MOLNAR, François MORELLET, NEMES Judit, NĂMETH DĂĄniel, Andrzej J. OLEJNICZAK, PĂCSY Ferenc, PALOTAI GĂĄbor, Henri PROSI, REHOROVSZKY Anna, Torsten RIDELL, Albert RUBENS, Jan SCHOONHOVEN, Mark STAREL, Klaus STAUDT, Esther STOCKER, Peter STRUYCKEN, SZĂCSĂNYI-NAGY LorĂĄnd, SZEGEDY-MASZĂK ZoltĂĄn, SZĂJ Kamilla, SZLOVICSĂK Dömötör, TIHANYI Ăron, TĂRK PĂ©ter, Ryszard WINIARSKI, WOLSKY AndrĂĄs, Joa ZAK, ZALAVĂRI AndrĂĄs
A kiĂĄllĂtĂĄs kurĂĄtorai: SZEGEDY-MASZĂK ZoltĂĄn, SZĂLLĆSI-NAGY AndrĂĄs, WOLSKY AndrĂĄs
Megnyitja: Z. Karvalics LĂĄszlĂł TBC
A termĂ©szetben Ă©s a tĂĄrsadalomban sok dinamikus rendszer nemlineĂĄrisan viselkedik, ĂĄm azonközben bizonyos szabĂĄlyok szerint mƱködik, ismert, vagy ismeretlen elveknek megfelelĆen. Kis  (szekvenciĂĄlis) elmozdulĂĄsok hosszĂș sorozata alatt Ă©szlelhetĆen nem törtĂ©nik semmi a rendszer dinamikĂĄjĂĄval Ă©s/vagy evolutĂv viselkedĂ©sĂ©vel. A rendszer tovĂĄbb terhelhetĆ anĂ©lkĂŒl, hogy alapvetĆ tulajdonsĂĄgai megvĂĄltoznĂĄnak. Majd egyszer csak elĂ©r egy ponthoz (ĂĄtesĂ©si / ĂĄttörĂ©si pont, tipping point / breakthrough), ahol a rendszer hirtelen egy mĂĄs dinamikus viselkedĂ©sbe billen ĂĄt, jellemzĆi alapvetĆen megvĂĄltoznak Ă©s mutĂĄlĂłdik. Ăgy mƱködik a klĂmavĂĄltozĂĄs, a nĂ©pessĂ©gdinamika, a börtönlĂĄzadĂĄsok Ă©s a forradalmak dinamikĂĄja is. Zenei pĂ©ldĂĄt John Cage Ă©s Philip Glass kompozĂciĂłi szolgĂĄltatnak, mĂg a mƱvĂ©szetben a kortĂĄrs klasszikusok közĂŒl Vera Molnar, François Morellet, Manfred Mohr, KovĂĄcs Attila, Frieder Nake, A. Michel Noll, Lantos Ferenc, Maurer DĂłra Ă©s MengyĂĄn AndrĂĄs korĂĄbbi munkĂĄssĂĄga emlĂtendĆ ebben a kontextusban.
A szekvenciĂĄlis/szeriĂĄlis mƱvek egy bizonyos – ismert, vĂ©letlen, rejtett – szabĂĄly/algoritmus/kĂłd szerint generĂĄlnak esztĂ©tikai jelentĂ©st. A szabĂĄly lehet a mƱvĂ©sz ĂĄltal definiĂĄlt eljĂĄrĂĄs a vĂĄlasztott alapelemek determinisztikus ismĂ©tlĂ©sĂ©vel, eltolĂĄsĂĄval, forgatĂĄsĂĄval, fordĂtĂĄsĂĄval, tĂŒkrözĂ©sĂ©vel, kitakarĂĄsĂĄval, kihagyĂĄsĂĄval, forma-, Ă©s szĂn-inverziĂłval, skĂĄla-ĂĄtmenetekkel, fraktĂĄl viselkedĂ©ssel, vagy sztochasztikus mĂłdon generĂĄlva a mƱ elemeit akĂĄr vĂ©letlen kĂsĂ©rletekkel akĂĄr (pszeudo)vĂ©letlen szĂĄmokkal, ill. adott szĂłrĂĄs-tartomĂĄnyt lefedĆ irĂĄnyĂtott vĂ©letlen eljĂĄrĂĄsokkal, bolyongĂĄsi modellekkel, ill. ezek kombinĂĄciĂłjĂĄval vagy hĂĄlĂłzatba rendezĂ©sĂ©vel. Az alapelvek voltakĂ©ppen a matematika csoportelmĂ©leti megközelĂtĂ©sĂ©vel azonosak: egy (vizuĂĄlis) egysĂ©g vĂĄlasztĂĄsa Ă©s az azon vĂ©grehajtott mƱveletek sorozata, melyek nem vezetnek ki egy zĂĄrt, ill. teljes rendszerbĆl. Itt voltakĂ©ppen a mƱvĂ©szet Ă©s a tudomĂĄny primer talĂĄlkozĂĄsĂĄrĂłl van szĂł, melynek bemutatĂĄsa az OSAS egyik alapvetĆ cĂ©lja. Ezek a kĂ©rdĂ©sek mĂĄr a 60-as Ă©vekben a szĂĄmĂtĂłgĂ©ppel generĂĄlt (generatĂv) mƱvĂ©szet Ă©s kutatĂĄs homlokterĂ©ben ĂĄlltak nemzetközi szinten a korai szĂĄmĂtĂłgĂ©pes grafika kialakulĂĄsĂĄval. Ăgy volt ez nĂ©hĂĄny hazai mƱvĂ©sznĂ©l is hasonlĂł elvek mentĂ©n, ĂĄm az akkor MagyarorszĂĄgon nehezen elĂ©rhetĆ digitĂĄlis technikĂĄk nĂ©lkĂŒl, vagyis manuĂĄlisan. A rohamosan vĂĄltozĂł digitĂĄlis technolĂłgiai fejlĆdĂ©s eredmĂ©nyekĂ©pp Ășjabb anyagok, eszközök Ă©s technolĂłgiĂĄk, mint pĂ©ldĂĄul a video, facsimile, szkenner, fĂ©nymĂĄsolĂł, internet Ă©s egyĂ©b kĂ©palkotĂł rendszerek ĂĄllnak az alkotĂł rendelkezĂ©sre.
A kiĂĄllĂtĂĄs arra a kĂ©rdĂ©sre keres vĂĄlaszt, vajon
- Az Ășj technolĂłgiĂĄk tĂŒkrĂ©ben kimutathatĂł-e a generativ mƱvĂ©szet elveinek folytonossĂĄga az alkotĂĄsban, ill. vizuĂĄlis kutatĂĄsban, vagy valami alapvetĆen Ășj törtĂ©nt az elmĂșlt hĂșsz Ă©vben?
- Mi Ășjat hoznak az Ășj technolĂłgiĂĄk a kĂ©pzĆmƱvĂ©szeti reflexiĂł terĂŒletĂ©n?
- A generatĂv mƱvek Ă©rtelmezhetĆk-e egy vizuĂĄlis nyelv kontextusĂĄban?
- KĂ©pesek-e az algoritmizĂĄlt/kĂłdolt (generĂĄlt) formĂĄk esztĂ©tikai jelentĂ©st hordozni Ă©s az mĂ©rhetĆ-e valamilyen mĂ©rtĂ©kkel? (V.ö. mĂ©g: Max Bense informĂĄciĂłesztĂ©tikai megközelĂtĂ©sĂ©t.)
- A vĂ©letlent is magukba foglalĂł algoritmusok milyen szerepet jĂĄtszanak a mƱvek evolĂșciĂłjĂĄban/mutĂĄciĂłjĂĄban?
A tĂĄrlatrĂłl az OSAS kiadvĂĄnysorozatĂĄban katalĂłgus kĂ©szĂŒl, valamint egy kĂŒlön ĂĄtfogĂł pĂĄrhuzamos kronolĂłgia kötet a szĂĄmĂtĂĄstechnika Ă©s a generatĂv mƱvĂ©szet elmĂșlt Ă©vtizedeinek pĂĄrhuzamos törtĂ©netĂ©rĆl.
CODE AND ALGORITHM â HOMMAGE Ă VERA MOLNAR
Dedicated to Vera Molnar on the occasion of her 95th birthdayÂ
The exhibition is convened on the basis of personal invitations with the principal objective of placing early generative works as well as new approaches in an international context with the participation of the following artists:
ALBERT ĂdĂĄm, BENEDEK Barna, Max BILL, BĂDI Marianna, BORTNYIKâTUBĂK, JosĂ© BRĂVAl, CSIKY Tibor, CSIZY LĂĄszlĂł, Maria CUEVAS, Aleksander DRAKULIC, FERNEZELYI MĂĄrton, GĂYOR Tibor, HARASZTĆž IstvĂĄn, HARMATI Kitti, HOĂZ Anna, Gerhard HOTTER, Viktor HULIK, Jean-François DUBREUIL, JENESES ĂdĂĄm, JOVĂNOVICS TamĂĄs, JULESZ BĂ©la, KAPPANYOS AndrĂĄs, Hiroshi KAWANO, KELLE Antal, KOVĂCS Attila, KOVĂCS Gyula, LANTOS Ferenc, LEPSĂNYI Imre, Josef LINSCHINGER, Richard Paul LOHSE, MARAFKĂ Bence, MĂTĂ DĂĄniel, MAURER DĂłra, MENGYĂN AndrĂĄs, Manfred MOHR, Vera MOLNAR, François MORELLET, NEMES Judit, NĂMETH DĂĄniel, Andrzej J. OLEJNICZAK, PĂCSY Ferenc, PALOTAI GĂĄbor, Henri PROSI, REHOROVSZKY Anna, Torsten RIDELL, Albert RUBENS, Jan SCHOONHOVEN, Mark STAREL, Klaus STAUDT, Esther STOCKER, Peter STRUYCKEN, SZĂCSĂNYI-NAGY LorĂĄnd, SZEGEDY-MASZĂK ZoltĂĄn, SZĂJ Kamilla, SZLOVICSĂK Dömötör, TIHANYI Ăron, TĂRK PĂ©ter, Ryszard WINIARSKI, WOLSKY AndrĂĄs, Joa ZAK, ZALAVĂRI AndrĂĄs
Curators: SZEGEDY-MASZĂK ZoltĂĄn, SZĂLLĆSI-NAGY AndrĂĄs, WOLSKY AndrĂĄs
Opened by: Z. LĂĄszlĂł Karvalics TBC
Many dynamic systems in nature and society display nonlinear behavior yet following some rules according to certain known or unknown principles. With small displacements during a fairly long sequence often not much change is observable in the dynamics of the system and/or with its evolutionary behavior. The system could further be loaded without fundamental changes in its characteristics. And then all of a sudden a tipping point/breakthrough is reached when the dynamic behavior of the system changes abruptly and it goes through a mutation. That is how climate change, population dynamics, prison outbreaks and revolutions work, for instance. Examples from the field of contemporary music are the compositions by John Cage and Philip Glass while in art early works by Vera Molnar, François Morellet, Manfred Mohr, Attila Kovåcs, Frieder Nake, A. Michel Noll, Ferenc Lantos, Dóra Maurer and Andrås Mengyån could be cited in this context, just to mention but a few.
Sequential/serial works often generate aesthetical meaning through certain know, random or hidden rules/algorithms/codes. The rule could be a procedure defined by the artist such as operations on a chosen visual unit, such as a square for instance as is the case with Vera Molnarâs works. These operations might include deterministic repetition, shifting, rotation, color or form inversion, symmetrical or asymmetric mirroring, covering, scale transition and/or fractal behavior, respectively. Or it could be a stochastic manipulation of the visual unit chosen either by probabilistic experiments or by pseudo-random numbers covering a certain range of the process variance, or by random walk models and the combination thereof. The fundamental approach here is basically identical with that of mathematical group theory. First, the choice of a (visual) unit and then operations on that unit such as listed above. Note, however, that this methodology represents a closed or complete system as the results of the operations remain within the same system.
This is clearly an example of art encountering science. The demonstration of the existence of this close relationship is one of the principal missions of OSAS.
These questions were already in the forefront of computer-generated art in the 60s at international level in tandem with the development of early computer graphics. Some of the local Hungarian artists followed the same algorithmic principles, however, manually as there was no access to modern digital technology due the Iron Curtain and the US CoCom restrictions. This has slowly changed with time but of course the breakthrough did not happen before the major political changes that swept through Central Europe at the beginning of the 90s. As a result of rapidly changing technological development a great number of new materials, tools and techniques, such as PCs, video, facsimile, scanners, Xerox machines, Internet and other means are available now for the artists.
The objective of this OSAS exhibition is to find answers to the following questions:
- In the light of advanced new technologies is it possible to identify continuity in the principles of generative art and visual research or something fundamentally new happened over the past 30 years that changes the accepted paradigms?
- Have new technologies brought in anything fundamentally new in the artistic reflection?
- Could generative works be interpreted in the context of a new visual language?
- Could algorithmic/coded generative works carry aesthetical meaning and whether is that measurable? (C.f. Max Benseâs information aesthetics)
- What role stochastic algorithms play in the evolution/mutation of art works?
Publications: Two publications are foreseen within the OSAS books series. A bi-lingual full exhibition catalogue and a comprehensive chronology on the parallel history of computing technology and generative art will be published.